Riesling Wine History

Riesling is a white grape variety grown historicallya later Latin version of his book on herbs,
in Germany. Dr. Ferdinand Regner, grapevinedescribing it with the modern spelling of the word.
breeding and genetics expert, suggests RieslingA later version of the book (1577) stated that
wine history starts with one parent of Riesling,"Riesling was growing in the Mosel, the Rhein, and
the Gouais Blanc (known to Germans as Heunischthe environs of Worms". By the seventeenth
Weiss), brought to Burgundy from Croatia by thecentury, "Ruessling" was planted throughout the
Romans; the other parent being a cross betweenPalatinate. In 1716, the Prince-Abbey of Fulda
a wild vine and Traminer (Sauvignon Blanc). This ispurchased the rundown Benedictine Abbey in
believed to be the start of Riesling wine history.Johannisberg in the Rheingau, an important
Riesling vine history traces back to the year 1435.development in the spread of Riesling as the
Reportedly there were other "first plantings" in"grape of Germany".
the history of Reisling wine: Wachau in Austria inThe vineyards were in total neglect and
1232, Rheinhessen and the Alsace region withcompletely restored, replanted with 294,000 vines
dates 1402 and 1348 respectively, to name abetween 1720-21 purchased from Ruedesheim,
few. Riesling wine history presumes the RieslingEberbach, and Floersheim. It was Schloss
was born somewhere in the upper valley of theJohannisberg that set the standards for the
Rhine, but with parents from either side of thegrape, and other areas soon decreed Riesling the
Adriatic the cross could have happened along thegrape that should be planted. The legend of sweet
way. The only documented evidence in RieslingRiesling is accredited to Schloss Johannisberg in
wine history is from the cellar log of Countthe Rheingau who accidentally created their first
Katzenelnbogen at Ruesselsheim on March 13th,Spatlese (late harvest) in 1775. Legend tells us the
1435. Klaus Kleinfish purchased six Riesling vinesmessenger carrying the official order from the
for the sum of 22 solidi.Abbey of Fulda, which owned the vineyard, to
From the middle fourteenth century, Riesling wasstart picking was robbed on the way. When he
becoming popular. Riesling wine history is cloakedfinally arrived the grapes had rotted, became
in theory as to the name Riesling. One theoryinfected with Botrytis (occurs when drier
connects it to characteristics of the vine. "Russ"conditions follow wetter, and can result in
means dark wood and along with the grooveddistinctive sweet dessert wines) and given to the
bark, gives the resultant root word "rissig".peasants. The peasants brewed wonderful wines
Another theory relates to the Riesling's poorwith it, helping create the rich Riesling wine history.
flowering in cold weather described in GermanRiesling wine history includes Clemens Wenzeslaus
"verrieseln" or "durchrieseln".1739-1812, Elector of Trier, who on May 8th,
Riesling wine history tells us that interest in the1787, proclaimed all inferior vines be dug up and
varietals probably began in the early fourteenthreplanted with noble (Riesling) varieties. A Riesling
century with gradual shifts of plantings from redboom in the Rheingau and the Mosel was started
to white grapes. About the seventeenth century,from the examples of Johannisberg and
the monks of the Cistercian monastery atWenzeslaus with wines so successful that by the
Eberbach discovered that transparent Rheingaucentury's turn the Benedictine Monk Odo Staab at
reds could not compete with deeply coloredJohannisberg claimed that "other than Riesling no
French wines, thus ordering their tenant growersother varietal should be used to produce wines in
to use only white wine plantings and remove allthe Rheingau." By the end of the 19th century it
others. The variety of grape the monks wantedwas the dominant grape in the Rheingau, and
planted is not clear but believed to be Rieslingmade significant inroads to all growing areas of
because the qualities of the grape had becomeGermany.
known.A trend reversal decline in Riesling wine history
In 1464, twelve hundred "Ruesseling" vines werebegan in the early 20th century. German growers,
purchased by the St. Jacob Hospice, today part ofspurred by the new science trends, began
the Vereinigte Hospitien of Trier. The specificexperimenting with varietals such as Silvaner. By
vineyard "Ruessling hinder Kirssgarten" (Riesling1930, only 57% of the vines planted in the
behind the cherry orchard) was mentioned andRheingau were Riesling. This trend was reversed
described in 1490, and "Rissling wingart" atduring the rest of the century. Riesling wine
Pfeddersheim in the Rheinhessen in 1511, attestinghistory will record that Riesling wine is treated as
to the grape's spread.a national treasure and is reflected in the strong
Hieronymus Bock refers to Riesling in 1552 and inbuying patterns from Riesling fans.