Getting Down to Basics with Basic Wine Terms

There are some basic wine terms that everyonedry wine may be mildly sweet or not sweet at all.
should know before choosing wine to buy or drink.Fermentation
Like most industries, there are certain wordsFermentation is the process during which the
which are used as a matter of standard practice.crushed grapes are combined with yeast so the
It is important to understand the terms so yougrape sugar turns into alcohol.
know exactly what the wine description is tellingFinish
your or so you can describe the wineThe finish of wine is the last impression the wine
appropriately.leaves as you swallow. You may describe a finish
Speaking the Language of Wineas smooth or harsh.
Every industry has its own language. The languageFortified Wine
has developed over many years and each wordFortified wine is wine that has had other alcoholic
has a very distinct meaning. In the world of wine,spirits added. It may contain brandy for example
only certain words can accurately describe a wineand it usually contains higher alcohol content than
or an impression after drinking a wine.unfortified wine.
AcidityFull-Bodied
Acidity refers to the acid taste the wine hasA full-bodied wine is one which makes the
which is in reference to the sharpness of thetastebuds feel an intense flavour and can even
wine taste.feel heavy or thick.
AromaHarsh
Aroma is a term used to describe how the wineA harsh wine is a biting wine that leaves an
smells (or ‘bouquet’). The aroma a wineunpleasant taste in the mouth. It is a wine that
has is related to the type of grape or botanicalhas too much acid or too much tannin in it.
used to make the wine. For example, a wine mayPalate
have a flowery aroma or an earthy aroma.The palate actually refers to the roof of the
Balancemouth and it is where the wine first hits before
The term ‘balance’ in the world of wineinundating the tastebuds on the tongue.
alludes to how the many qualities of the wineSediment
blend together without any single qualitySediment is the remnant of the grapes or even
overwhelming the others. It can also be used toyeast used in the production process. In high
define the pairing of the wine with food. Balance isquality wines sediment is kept to a minimum.
another word for the harmony of the variousTannin
wine elements.Tannin is a substance found naturally in the grape
Body (Weight)seeds and stems. Tannins can make a wine taste
The body or weight of the wine is the texturevery dry or bitter unless properly managed by
you feel on your tongue or in your mouth whilethe winemaker. Tannins can cause the mouth to
drinking the wine.pucker. Over time, as wine ages, tannins will
Breathemellow.
When you let wine breathe, it means you areVarietal
exposing the air to oxygen. For example, whenA wine labelled as varietal is one made with a
you open a bottle of wine, the air mixes with thedominant grape variety. The name of the wine
wine.usually indicates the name of the varietal grape.
DecantThis makes it easy to read a wine label and
The term decant can mean one of two things. Itidentify the varietal grape.
refers to pouring the wine out of the bottle into aVintage
different container. It can also refer to pouring theThe vintage of wine is the year the grape was
wine slowly so the sediment is not disturbed. Inharvested.
the first case you are allowing the wine toThese are just the main terms used to describe
breathe and in the second case you arewine. There are many others, but if you know
preserving the clarity.these basic terms you can speak the language of
Drywine.
Dry wine is wine that has very little sugar in it. A