Does Resveratrol in Red Wine Solve the French Paradox?

Resveratrol is a polyphenol type flavonoidguide. Generally, the richer and darker the colour
currently exciting great interest as a potentialof the wine the more resveratrol will be found.
boon to health. Like other flavonoids andRose types and light reds may contain some, but
polyphenols, it is a very useful anti-oxidant in itswhite wines produced by a juice fermentation
own right, but resveratrol has attracted particularalone will provide little if any.
attention as a potential solution to the so-calledUsually it is the red wines produced in the sunnnier
"French Paradox".climates close to the Mediterranean, and the New
This is the term used to describe theWorld, which will be richest in resveratrol, and
phenomenon, which has long been a puzzle todark red wines of this type may provide as much
medical science, by which rates of cardiovascularas 2 mg of resveratrol in a small 5 oz glass. But
disease in France have remained low relative tounfortunately from a health point of view, these
those in the rest of the developed world, despitealso tend to be the strongest in alcohol and the
the widespread national consumption of a diet highso-called "congeners" which accentuate hangovers.
in animal fat and cholesterol, and a firmlyBut fortunately for those who dislike red wine, or
entrenched tobacco habit. Of course France alsoare concerned about alcohol intake, other sources
enjoys many of the benefits of the so-calledof resveratrol are available. The amount in foods
Mediterranean diet through its high intake of freshvaries widely, but the best sources are peanuts
fruit and vegetables, oily fish and olive oil, butand red grapes, both of which may provide
there are good reasons to think that theanywhere between 0.3 and 1.3 mg of resveratrol
consumption of red wine may be the realper cup. Bilberries and cranberries may also be a
explanation of the apparent paradox.useful source.
It is known in any case that the moderateSupplements of resveratrol are also now readily
consumption of alcohol has a significant protectiveavailable, principally in the form of red wine or red
effect on the cardiovascular system, reducinggrape extracts, which will also contain other
disease by as much as 20-30%, but conventionalanti-oxidant polyphenols. Manufacturers'
medical opinion is characteristically cautious inrecommended doses will typically provide
acknowledging that the resveratrol in red winebetween 10 and 50 mg of resveratrol, which
may have any benefits over and above thosewould require a very high, and potentially
which would in any case be provided by thehazardous, level of wine consumption to achieve
alcohol. However, the role of fat-solubleregularly.
anti-oxidants in protecting the circulatory systemThat said, there is no known toxicity from taking
from damaging free radical attack is wellresveratrol, as such, although its blood thinning
understood, and it would therefore appear thatproperties will tend to inhibit the blood's clotting
the resveratrol and other polyphenols contained inability and resveratrol is therefore not
red wine can only be beneficial. Laboratory tests,recommended for those taking anti-coagulant
moreover, have shown resveratrol to havedrugs such as warfarin, or certain types of
significant anti-coagulant and anti-inflammatoryanti-inflammatory including aspirin. Needless to say,
effects.however, toxicity problems of a different kind
For the purposes of obtaining your intake ofmay occur if alcoholic drinks are used to excess
resveratrol from wine you need to know that it'sas the principal or only source.
contained principally in the skins of red or blackBut as noted above, moderate consumption is
grapes, and is consequently found in significantgenerally recognised to be beneficial to health,
quantities only in those wines produced by an initialparticularly for the cardiovascular system. So the
pulp fermentation which allows the developingmessage seems to be: if you want to enjoy a
alcohol to leach both colour and other substances,couple of glasses of wine with your dinner then
including resveratrol, from the skins. It follows thatgo right ahead. And have that age old pleasure
the longer this pulp fermentation is allowed toenhanced by the knowledge that the resveratrol
continue the more resveratrol the wine willit contains is also doing you some good.
contain. So the colour of the wine is a handy