| Many persons – especially young persons | | | | silicon, an important mineral for the healthy of |
| – who wish to approach the beer, often have | | | | bones: women who moderately drink beer seem |
| questions about the quantity of alcohol in the | | | | to have a higher bone density, and this may be |
| beer, the effect of alcohol on their health and the | | | | highly significant in fighting osteoporosis. |
| calories supplied by beer. Generally, they have | | | | Now we can agree on the point that a moderate |
| concern if a regular consumption of beer may | | | | quantity of beer is an ally rather that an enemy |
| damage their health or contribute to make grow | | | | of our health. But what about calories? Are you |
| in weight (a current nightmare of rich | | | | sure that drinking beer does not make us fat? To |
| civilizations….) and they want to know the | | | | answer this question, please have the patience to |
| recommended amount and why it is better to not | | | | suffer a little bit of math. Beer is largely made of |
| exceed. | | | | water (more than 90 per cent) where the |
| Since the safest way to approach alcohol is to | | | | substances which confer its characteristic flavour |
| know it, this article wants to give simple basic | | | | are dissolved: useful minerals (potassium, |
| answers to these common questions: | | | | magnesium), B vitamins, phenolic compounds and |
| 1. how does alcohol work and what its effects | | | | other elements without caloric relevance. The |
| are? | | | | calories of a beer are mainly provided by the |
| 2. how much alcohol and calories are contained in | | | | content of alcohol and unfermented |
| a beer? | | | | carbohydrates (i.e. the amount of carbohydrates |
| 3. what is the recommended consumption for a | | | | remaining from the fermentation process): alcohol |
| safe drinking? | | | | provides about 7 kcal per gram, carbohydrates 4 |
| Having a clear vision of these basic questions and | | | | kcal per gram. The quantity of alcohol and carbs |
| answers may help, I hope, to approach beer (or | | | | are really variable depending on the different |
| wine or other alcoholic beverages) without fear | | | | recipes and beer styles. A 250 ml intake of |
| and without superficiality. | | | | normal lager (the most consumed in the world) |
| Of course, first answer would require a much | | | | may contain about 9 g alcohol and something as |
| deeper discussion. Basically, we can say that | | | | 7-8 g carbs: it provides less than 100 kcal. This is |
| alcohol we find in alcoholic beverages comes from | | | | not dramatic, anyway is less than the calories of |
| fermentation of sugars contained in fruits or, as in | | | | a sugared soft drink like Coke (110 kcal for a 250 |
| the case of beer, from starch contained in | | | | ml intake). |
| cereals. After digestion, alcohol enters the blood: in | | | | Let us come to question three now: the proper |
| this way, it reaches the brain and goes round the | | | | quantity for a safe drinking. To be honest, we |
| whole organism. Using specific enzymes, liver | | | | should say that probably only God knows what it |
| transforms it in substances that kidneys, lungs | | | | is for each one of us. However, the health |
| and skin eliminate through urine, breath and sweat. | | | | authorities of most countries have defined a |
| In normal conditions, we assume that the liver is | | | | recommended daily or weekly consumption which |
| able to transform about 6 grams of alcohol every | | | | can be taken as a valid guide to not incur risks. |
| hour. Since 330 ml serving of a lager or pilsner | | | | The other valid guide is ourselves: every one can |
| beer (roughly equivalent to 12 fluid oz) at 4.5 % | | | | learn to detect when the amount of assumed |
| ABV contains approximately 12 g of alcohol (4.5% | | | | alcohol is going to become excessive before it has |
| of 330 cc is 14,85 ml alcohol by volume, this is | | | | become excessive. Recommended values are |
| equivalent to 12 g alcohol by weight), it means | | | | slightly different in each country, generally we can |
| that it takes two hours to fully dispel a standard | | | | say they are in the range 20-40 g a day for |
| can of beer. The elimination is much easier if | | | | healthy men, 16-30 g for healthy women. In USA |
| alcohol is assumed during meals, since in this case, | | | | the limit for men is 14-28 g/day, with |
| the release of alcohol into blood happens more | | | | recommendation to not exceed 196 g/week (14 |
| gradually. Alcohol has hence a primary impact on | | | | g/day, 98 g/week for women). |
| the liver: if liver is charged by a continuous heavy | | | | A good reason to follow the guideline is that |
| work to transform alcohol, it may incur grave | | | | alcohol may create dependencies and push us to |
| diseases. | | | | assume always increasing quantities. Guidelines are |
| The key fact to keep in mind is that the effects | | | | precious, but in practice, how can we calculate |
| of alcohol on our health strongly depend on the | | | | how much grams of alcohol are in a beer? This is |
| quantity. There are no doubts that a prolonged | | | | the last task we have to complete. The alcohol |
| heavy consumption of alcoholic beverages is | | | | content of a beverage is commonly expressed as |
| harmful to health and may cause serious diseases | | | | percentage of the volume (Alcohol By Volume). |
| as cirrhosis, stomach cancer, ulcers and mental | | | | For example, 4.5 ABV means that 4.5 % of the |
| disorders. But scientific studies carried out in last | | | | volume is constituted of alcohol. So, a 330 ml can |
| century have highlighted that a moderate | | | | of beer (roughly equivalent to a 12 U.S. fluid oz |
| consumption of alcohol may be beneficial on many | | | | can, which is 355 ml) contains 14.85 ml of alcohol. |
| respects: moderate drinkers result to be more | | | | To obtain the value in grams, we have to multiply |
| protected against hearth attacks, hypertension, | | | | by the specific weight of alcohol, i.e. 0.79: a 330 ml |
| peripheral artery diseases and so on. There is a | | | | can of beer, contains 11.73 g alcohol (as |
| long list of proved benefits of a low alcohol | | | | homework, you can take fun to determine the |
| consumption. Moreover, beer is not just alcohol: | | | | exact alcohol amount contained in a 12 U.S. fluid |
| like wine, beer contains polyphenols, which have | | | | oz can!). Following the government indication, if |
| been demonstrated to have a significant effect in | | | | you are a woman, you would better give up |
| protecting cells against the bad effects of free | | | | drinking for that day. |
| radicals. Beer also has a high concentration of | | | | |